Acid, Base and Salts RRB PYQ

The compound that reacts with both acids and bases is Al2O3, or aluminum oxide. Al2O3 is classified as an amphoteric oxide, meaning it can react with acids to form aluminum salts and with bases to form aluminates.

The chemical formula of washing soda is Na2CO3.10H2O. This compound, also known as sodium carbonate decahydrate, contains sodium, carbon, and oxygen, along with ten water molecules, which are integrated into its crystalline structure.

Acids are the molecules which are capable of giving H+ ion or form a covalent bond with electron pair. Acids are sour in taste, which turns blue litmus red. The acid forms salt when reacting with the base. For example: hydrochloric acid (HCl) when reacting with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) forms sodium chloride (NaCl). HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l). Acid, Base, Salt.

The correct chemical reaction for the preparation of bleaching powder is Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O. This reaction involves the chlorination of calcium hydroxide, resulting in the formation of calcium hypochlorite (bleaching powder) and water. Bleaching powder is commonly used for disinfecting water and bleaching fabrics.

When dissolving an acid or a base in water, the reaction generally releases heat into the surroundings. This is due to the ionization process where the acid or base dissociates into ions, and the energy released during this process results in heat. Therefore, this reaction is typically exothermic, meaning it releases energy in the form of heat.

The chemical formula of baking soda is NaHCO3, also known as sodium bicarbonate. It is widely used in baking as a leavening agent, helping dough to rise by releasing carbon dioxide gas when it comes into contact with an acid or when it is heated.

When its pH changes to 6, then H+ ion concentration decreases 1000 times. pH tells the concentration of hydrogen ions; lower the pH, higher the hydrogen ion concentration. The formula for calculating pH is: pH = -log[H+]. pH of 3 = 10^-3 H+. pH of 6 = 10^-6 H+. From the above values, we can clearly see that H+ ion concentration decreases by 1000 times.

The chlor-alkali process involves the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH), chlorine gas (Cl2), and hydrogen gas (H2). The chemical reaction is: 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2(g). This process is important for producing chemicals like chlorine and sodium hydroxide, which are used in many industries like water treatment and soap making.

Statement A is true because strong acids like HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3 completely ionize in water, producing a large number of hydrogen ions (H+). Statement B is false; it incorrectly describes a strong acid. Weak acids, such as acetic acid (not HCl), partially ionize in water, resulting in fewer H+ ions. H2SO4 and HNO3 are strong acids, not weak.

Sodium Hydrogencarbonate correctly represents the chemical name (IUPAC) of baking soda. Its chemical formula is NaHCO3. It is commonly known as sodium bicarbonate. It is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water, and mildly alkaline. Used in baking as a leavening agent, it releases carbon dioxide when heated or mixed with acids.